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5362. Power, J.F. (ed.). 1987. The role of legumes in conservation tillage systems.. Soil Cons. Soc. Amer., Ankeny, IA. 153 pp..
Proceedings of a national conference, University of Georgia, Athens, April 27-29, 1987. Excellent reference for the use of legumes in cropping systems and their compatibility with conservation tillage. Major sections include: the need; germplasm resources; nitrogen source; insects and diseases; cropping practices; weed control; erosion and productivity; economics.
3688. Knight, W.E.. 1987. Germplasm resources for legumes in conservation tillage.. IN: J.F. Power (ed.). The role of legumes in conservation tillage systems. p. 13-19.
Brief summary of legume species grown in the region. Mentions a rotation in the Camas Prairie, ID area of 3 yr alfalfa-WW-SB-AWP. Mentions lupin and chickpea as possible crops in the transition area to substitute for fallow. Mentions sweetclover intercropping with spring barley, with barley yields 85% of normal.
3705. Koehler, F.E.. 1979. Soil fertility management under no-till and minimum tillage systems.. Proc. 13th Ann. Fertilizer Conf. NW, Spokane, WA, July 1979.
Slower residue decomposition, cooler soil temperature under reduced tillage; mostly effects N,P,S; best results with banded fertilizer; more weed growth with broadcast fertilizer; spring wheat most sensitive to fertilizer placement. T: fertilizer X yield, placement
4349. McGill, W.B., J.F. Dormaar, and E. Reinl-Dwyer. 1988. New perspectives on soil organic matter quality, quantity, and dynamics on the Canadian prairies. p. 30-48.. IN: J.T. Harapiak (ed.). Land Degradation and Conservation Tillage..
4629. Muehlbauer, F.J.. 1983. Legumes in cropping systems in the Pacific Northwest and California. p. B14-18.. Rreport of the Work-Planning Conf. on Legumes in Conservation Tillage Systems..
5725. Rasmussen, V.P. and R.L. Newhall. 1989. High residue conservation tillage increases soil moisture and profits. IN: Utah Agricultural Statistics, 1989. p. 121-124. Utah Agricultural Statistics Service, Salt Lake City, UT.
Three years of data are reported for several locations comparing a number of consevation tillage and cropping systems. The no-till and chemical fallow were better both for conserving soil and moisture, and generated the highest net returns. The chem fallow conserved about 1-2 inches of soil moisture. Erosion under the no-till chem fallow ranged from 1-5 T/ac compared to 17-30 T/ac with conventional tillage. The study included tests of continuous cropping, but more years are needed to make an economic comparison.
7211. Veseth, R.. 1989. Selecting soft white winter wheat varieties for conservation tillage.. STEEP Conservation Farming Update, Summer 1989, p. 9-11.
A number of commonly used winter wheat varieties were tested for performance under conventional and no-till management. Yield rankings for the varieties were nearly the same under no-till and till treatments. The ratios of no-till yield to till yield for each variety generally ranged from 0.95 to 1.00. Hill 81 had a ratio of 0.90, indicating that it was not achieving its yield potential under no-till, although more recent results have found it to be a good variety for no-till. Growers should generally select varieties which yield the highest under conventional tillage in their area when evaluating varieties for no-till or other conservation tillage systems. Other factors should be considered when selecting varieties. Early fall planting leads to higher disease potential for stripe rust, strawbreaker footrot, Cephalosporium stripe, and barley yellow dwarf virus. Thus, resistance to these diseases should be a varietal consideration. One significant drawback of semi-dwarf wheats that has not been fully overcome is poor emergence under less-than-desirable seedbed conditions. Also, cold hardiness varies with variety. Daws has generally shown superior cold hardiness, but has other drawbacks.
7434. Walter, D.T.. 1987. Early studies on the use of legumes for conservation tillage in Nebraska.. IN: J.F. Power (ed.). The role of legumes in conservation tillage systems. p. 9-10.
Describes early research beginning in the 1930s. Surface residues, especially alfalfa, improved soil structure and infiltration. Erosion and runoff from dense, subtilled legume plots was minimal compared to oat or wheat stubble. Sweetclover and alfalfa were the principal legumes. Erosion and excess N mineralization were problems with sweetclover. Subtilling legume residues retarded decomposition and nitrification, increased earthworm casts, and enhanced aggregate stability. When sweetclover decomposed on the surface, 5-10 lb N/ac were lost as NH3, with only a trace lost when residue was plowed under.
8627. Harper, Jerry. 1990. 1990 Conservation Seeding Demonstration.. handout from the Palouse Conservation District, Pullman, WA 99163.
An on-farm demonstration of 9 different planter-tillage combinations was doen for winter wheat on a field in a 3 yr rotation. Roundup was applied 4 days prior to seeding, and no other pesticides were applied during the rest of the growing season. Fertilizer rates were 100 N, 20 P, and 10 S. Surface residue was measured after seeding. The dammer diker strip has a significantly lower residue cover than five other strips. The Palouse double disc no-till drill had the highest residue cover. All yields were statistically similar except the lower yield with the One-Pass drill (probably due to lodging in this strip). Strips with poor looking stands in the fall (dammer diker, chisel planter) yielded as good as the others. Yields ranged from 108-116 bu/ac, except for the One-Pass drill at 90 bu/ac.
9468. Massee, T.W.. 1983. Conservation tillage obstacles on dryland.. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (July/August) p. 339-341..
The recent concern that conservation tillage controls soil erosion has renewed interest in the use of conservation tillage in dryland farming.