Integrating Compost and Biochar for Improved Air Quality, Crop Yield, and Soil Health (2019)

This report evaluates how compost and biochar, applied alone or in combination, affect crop productivity, soil properties, and emissions. Field and greenhouse trials examined multiple crops, including basil and strawberries, using different compost sources and biochar application methods such as co-composting and post-compost addition. Results show that impacts vary by crop, nutrient conditions, and amendment type. In some cases, co-composted biochar improved plant biomass or fruit yield, while in others, differences were minimal compared to compost alone. Biochar additions influenced soil moisture and nutrient dynamics and showed potential to reduce emissions such as volatile organic compounds and greenhouse gases during composting. Findings highlight that benefits are context-dependent and influenced by factors like fertilizer use, soil conditions, and amendment ratios. Overall, the work provides practical insights into when and how compost and biochar combinations may improve agricultural performance and environmental outcomes.